This isn’t a GNOME-specific thing as other DEs also display files by their file type. It’s all defined by the icon theme.
I’m not sure if there exists an icon theme that replaces the unique filetype icons with specific application icons, but if such a thing does exist, that could be a solution.
You could also edit the icon theme you’re using yourself too, if you’re feeling adventurous. Using the Papirus icon theme, on my system the image representing a python text file is located in /usr/share/icons/Papirus/64x64/mimetypes/text-x-python.svg. I could replace that image with anything. I’m not sure why I’d want to do that, but if you really want to replace all these images with an image of VSCodium no one’s gonna stop you.
Maybe there’s a script that does this automatically? If such a thing exists, it’ll probably follow the steps I just mentioned.
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