These practices are not particular to factory farms. Some farms do keep bulls but this is costly and impractical on the long run for genetic diversity reasons, so most non-factory farms also buy sperm and do the artificial insemination.
Also “local” as an adjective doesn’t mean much in terms of practices. All farms are local to somewhere. In a 50km radius of where I live there have been investigations in at least 10 farms that found severe animal abuse and neglect in the last 5 years. Those were all local farms that got to put a nice local stamp in their products.
These practices are not particular to factory farms. Some farms do keep bulls but this is costly and impractical on the long run for genetic diversity reasons, so most non-factory farms also buy sperm and do the artificial insemination.
Also “local” as an adjective doesn’t mean much in terms of practices. All farms are local to somewhere. In a 50km radius of where I live there have been investigations in at least 10 farms that found severe animal abuse and neglect in the last 5 years. Those were all local farms that got to put a nice local stamp in their products.