The truly paranoid hackers will even unsolder the motherboard-level tracking hardware that the manufacturer adds. Cuz that shit runs below even the OS, and will track you even when you’re using something like TailsOS.

Even basic BIOS settings can be easy to miss, like Dell/HP/etc using Absolute Persistence/Computrace tracking. That one is particularly common with refurbished corporate fleet machines, because corporate IT will enable it to be able to track employees’ laptops. Then IT will upgrade the office computers, sell the old ones off to an refurbisher, and then the refurbisher never bothers disabling it when they’re prepping the machines for resale.

And old corporate fleet machines are extremely popular with hackers, (ThinkPad and ToughBook, for example), because they tend to be decent hardware for super cheap. But it means that the machines are still phoning home to Dell/HP/etc regardless of what OS the new user installs on them. Even completely swapping out the drives (ensuring a clean OS install) won’t solve it, because it’s happening directly at the BIOS level. And because of Persistence, even wiping the BIOS isn’t a guarantee. Because it will simply reinstall itself back onto the BIOS as soon as you connect a drive that has Persistence embedded on it.