Or the service. Software that goes out of its way to ensure you paid, and poses limitations on the paying customer. Like always-online DRM for video games.

The difference is what code runs on your device. If proprietary libraries are included, F-Droid won’t build it, and it’s not allowed in their repository. There’s a lot to say about whether a FOSS app that relies on proprietary network services is truly “free”, there’s no arguing that an app with proprietary code blobs is “free”.

Take for example an app like NewPipe. The application itself doesn’t include proprietary code, but it contacts YouTube, a proprietary Google service. With the app itself being open source, you can tell exactly what it is doing on your device, and what information is sent over the network. Comparing that to something like Signal, which includes proprietary Google libraries, you’d have to decompile and reverse engineer it to try and figure out what it’s doing.

If you have a FOSS library that interacts with Google Play Services or microG to enable FCM, it would (probably) be allowed on F-Droid. (I’m not on their team, I can’t make a definitive statement about this).

“No Google Play services” falls under “app must be FOSS”. The average publicly developed open source app should not have much trouble getting into F-Droid if the developer wants to. Google Play services consists of several components, one of which is a proprietary library included in apps using it. If your app includes proprietary code, it is not FOSS.

If Signal decided a build without proprietary blobs isn’t worth it, they’re not getting into F-Droid. Forks of Signal exist that remove the Google Play services build requirement, those are in F-Droid.

This used to be an issue, but has been resolved in most major applications. Are you on an “app” version of slack? Try updating it, or try using an up to date webbrowser like Firefox, or anything based on Chromium if you prefer.

With either a physical security key (which no “average user” owns), or a damn numeric pin, which is vastly less secure than a password of the same length.

The documentation you were looking at might’ve been the Matrix specification.

There is documentation on how to host a Matrix server, I’d honestly recommend using containers (maybe docker compose) for this one. It can definitely be confusing setting up a service like a Matrix homeserver for the first time.

As for other people finding it, you can (and should) make your homeserver invite-only. It’s also possible to disable federation, which makes the server self-contained. It will not accept incoming connections from other servers, nor make outgoing connections to other servers.

This does mean everyone you want to talk with has to be on your homeserver. There are probably better options available if you want to avoid Matrix’ federation issues, like Spacebar.

To scroll in menus or desktop, sometimes virtual menus for games requiring more buttons

Web push for notifications. Sure, there’s privacy implications, but it’s already near universal. There’s other options like ntfy.sh if you’re not limited to existing infrastructure. UnifiedPush also works well as a protocol for push notifications.

Everything else can be handled in-app. Password reset will have to be done by an admin, though it’s completely doable for a small selfhosted service.

Some of the downsides OP listed may or may not always apply, but there are always downsides. Either you have to set up your own email server (with extra maintenance burden), or your “selfhosted” app suddenly relies on third party infrastructure, like your email provider (or those of other users on your instance).

I’m going to assume you’re unable to see the embedded image. I didn’t add alt text, that’s my mistake.

Below “Besides”, there is a screenshot of a tweet by user @haydendevs stating “this is who you’re arguing with online” and an attached image of a series of dots connected by lines. This is the (overused) visual representation of a “neural network” in machine learning. The meaning of the image in this context is to state you are arguing with bots or AI online. I used this twitter screenshot as an attempt to make a joke of the fact the OP reads like AI-generated text.

I will edit the alt text in my comment above.

MPV is great, I use it all the time. It’s fully replaced VLC on my desktop.

It is not an “alternative to Jellyfin”. It does not offer many “comfort features” like (synced ootb) watch tracking. It does not transcode at all, and it doesn’t even run on devices that need transcoding most, like smart TVs.

These two applications fall into two different categories, and they will never replace each other. One is a media player, you throw mpv any video file, it puts it up on screen, great. The other is a media server, it allows you to sign in, browse your nicely organized library, and click play on the movie of your choice, very cool.

Even the idea of opening SMB or NFS to the entire internet just so your most technical of friends can manually download and watch a movie is insane compared to setting up Jellyfin. Reminder, not everyone has the connection to stream a full 4k bluray rip, transcoding allows those users to watch at all.

Besides,

The RomM project does exactly that

when technical folks act like everyone and their grandma should run arch

As an Arch user, man I hate when people are like that. Arch certainly has a specific target audience. If you (the individual) are comfortable with a distro, and it works well for you, it’s a good option. If Arch isn’t that, then it’s not a good option for you. Some people don’t understand that even the “once a year single command” maintenance is too technical for most.

Having run Arch only the last few years, I don’t know how much it’s improved compared to say 10 years ago. I do know on most of my systems I don’t spend that much time updating or maintaining my Arch installations, usually just a yay, select which AUR packages not to update (the ones I have can have issues updating sometimes), wait for 15-ish minutes (depends how much I have to compile from AUR), and that’s it. From server to desktop, some weekly, others once every couple months. Although I would say it’s more than average, as I have a custom repository with some nightly compiled packages, which has its own issues.

The difference is rolling vs stable release.

Debian 13 is out, and it will stay exactly the same Debian 13 that it was when it released, even 5 years from now. The only changes are bugfixes, security patches, etc. No new features. This means you can basically do unattended sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade with no problems. By the time Debian 14 comes out, there will have been a ton of changes to upstream software, Updating from 13 to 14 might be a one-click fix, or it might take effort fixing configs and ensuring the new software works.

Arch Linux is rolling release, it does not have version numbers, and does not hold back a major package update just “because it changes things”. This means basically every update might change things, and that can require intervention. If the Arch Linux team is aware of required intervention, it will be put on the Arch News. This is often just one or two commands. The possibility of intervention being required means unattended upgrades are a no-go on Arch, but that’s pretty much it.

If you don’t update your system for say, a year, everything that’s changed in that time will change all at once. This is often still a few commands to fix, but could be more depending on what updated exactly. Updating regularly is reccomended, because it’s easier to tell what exactly changed between updates, and thus easier to track down where a problem originates from.

Depends entirely on the device. On most desktops, you should be able to. On a lot of laptops, this may leave them in an unbootable state (due to GPU option ROMs).

Check for your specific hardware before removing factory default secure boot keys.

This is heavily sensationalized. UEFI “secure boot” has never been “secure” if you (the end user) trust vendor or Microsoft signatures. Alongside that, this ““backdoor”” (diagnostic/troubleshooting tool) requires physical access, at which point there are plenty of other things you can do with the same result.

Yes, the impact is theoretically high, but it’s the same for all the other vulnerable EFI applications MS and vendors sign willy-nilly. In order to get a properly locked-down secure boot, you need to trust only yourself.

When you trust Microsoft’s secure boot keys, all it takes is one signed EFI application with an exploit to make your machine vulnerable to this type of attack.

Another important part is persistence, especially for UEFI malware. The only reason it’s so easy is because Windows built-in “factory reset” is so terrible. Fresh installing from a USB drive can easily avoid that.

Yes, it’s called Sober. It is not official, and may lose functionality at any time due to updates to client-side anti-cheat.

While Mint is an Ubuntu-based distro, it tries to un-fuck the worst of Canonical. Other Ubuntu spins with a different desktop environment don’t do this, like Xubuntu, Kubuntu, etc. They end up as just Ubuntu on a different DE, with all the decisions made by canonical.

Base Debian might work, but afaik, is “not as beginner friendly” compared to Mint.

Firefox is able to do this for basic PDF annotations. It’s not very extensive, but it’s very simple to use (and you probably already have it installed).

It is only a partial upgrade if you update your databases, without upgrading the rest of your system. If you try to pacman -S firefox, and it gives you a 404, you have to both update your pacman databases, and upgrade your packages. This will only give you a 404 if you cleaned your package cache, and your package is out of date. Usually, -S on an already installed package will reinstall it from cache. This does not cause a partial upgrade.

If you run pacman -Sy, everything you install is now considered a partial upgrade, and will break if you don’t know exactly what you’re doing. In order to avoid a partial upgrade, you should never update databases (-Sy) without upgrading packages (-Su). This is usually combined in pacman -Syu.

and had to delete, update, and then rebuild half my system just to update the OS because the libraries were out of sync.

This does not just happen with proper use of pacman. The most common situation where this does happen is called a “partial upgrade”, which is avoidable by simply not running pacman -Sy. (The one exception is for archlinux-keyring, though that requires you run pacman -Syu afterwards).

Arch is definitely intended for a certain audience. If you don’t intend on configuring your system on the level Arch allows you to, then a different distro might be a better option. That does not mean it’s a requirement, you can install KDE, update once a month, and almost never have to worry about system maintenance (besides stuff that is posted on Archlinux news, once or twice a year, usually a single command).