OP, you have just spammed the same post to 9 communities. The document you posted is from year 2016. I should note that a few things have changed since them. Iran has massacred over 1000 protesters during the Mahsa Amini rebellion. Iran has supported the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Iran has had a war with Israel (but I can’t really blame them, since escalation was mutual). And most recently, Iran has massacred what’s likely several thousand protesters during the past few days.

I should note that Iranian people, all of them, also have plans. The US isn’t the only organization on Earth with ability to plan things, and attempt to fulfill their plans.

Some ayatollahs plan to keep ruling with an iron fist, killing thousands if needed. Some leftists joined them in revolution decades ago, but were surprised to see that the ayatollahs hijacked state. Those leftists used to blow the ayatollahs up (in scores) decades ago, but had to retreat out of the country. Some king used to rule before the revolution, and surprisingly some people think the king’s son might be a suitable person for a transition government. I notice that he seems intelligent, but I don’t think he’s suitable. He’s just their best known opposition figure currently…

…but of course, talk of a transition goverment is pie in the sky fantasy as long as 12.7 mm flies on streets.

The most pressing problem is that protesters have lost over 10 000 people as prisoners (likely to be excuted as “enemies of god”) and likely several thousand as dead, while the Basij and IRGC have lost less than 100 members.

The most pressing problem is that Iranian protesters aren’t armed, don’t have explosives, don’t have decent communications and most of them don’t know how to improvise weapons, explosives and communications. As a result, they’re getting slaughtered.

There is also a secondary problem. A US president promised to protect them, and it seems they believed him. They shouldn’t have. Even if he intends to do something, they’ll be dead by that time.

What makes me worry is the size of the “reflector”. I wonder what symbol rate it is possible to get if the “reflector” is literally everywhere above you - the time delay between start of reflection and end of reflection might be considerable.

I found a resource with practical advise about using NVIS, including using meteorological data (ionograms) to determine the best frequency, antenna diagrams and such. (His drawings are in Spanish, but I think most English-speakers can decode Spanish antenna diagrams with a few clues, since meter is metro, and frequency is frecuencia.)

https://www.ipellejero.es/hf/NVIS/english.php

Some additional interesting antenna designs (vertical yagi on ropes, spiral antenna, etc) and propagation shemes, can be found in this research paper.

They have a passage which addresses data rates, and the data rates are poor…

In [110] two alternative channel access technologies are tested and compared in wireless mesh networks: Automatic Link Establishment (ALE) and fixed-frequency MAC protocols. These are also described in the book of Johnson et al. [111]. In [112] we find measurements on a MIL-STD-188-110C [113] link over distances of up to 160 km, providing the users with bit rates up to 9.6 kbps in 6–9 kHz RF bandwidth. The standard gives the option of selecting bandwidth and modulation, and includes wideband modulation with up to 24 kHz bandwidth with elaborate coding and interleaving.

So, some military radios use a narrow slice of 6…9 KHz for each channel and push 9 kilobits per second. Widening the slice used will give more speed. Enough to send SMS, I would say. A text of 1000 characters could be 8 kilobits, and would require initial air time for 1 second (+ exponential back-off resends, most likely). Let’s assume a total of 3 transmission events per message. An hour contains 3600 seconds, divide by 3 --> a channel at 100% capacity could accommodate 1200 messages per hour.

Thanks for dropping the abbreviation. :) For those who want text:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near_vertical_incidence_skywave

Summary for those in hurry: with NVIS, the ionosphere is your reflector, but you must use bloody low frequencies (e.g. 8 MHz in daytime, 4 MHz at night, because the ionosphere changes properties in sunlight). This will require loooong antennas (which may be horizontal, e.g. between trees) and the full wavelength is about tens of meters long, so you can’t really use full-wave antennas (quarter wave is practical) and all of this will limit the data rate considerably. Overcrowding of the narrow range of good frequencies may occur if it becomes popular.

Then I would suspect partial shadow. Is there anything near the lower string that could cast a partial shadow on the panels?

I notice these green curved lines on your diagram. They resemble what people usually draw to denote tree cover on a map. If they are trees, how tall, how far, and how high up are your panels?

Short answer: snow lingers longer on the lower part of your roof. The flatter the roof, the bigger the difference.

I would likely try the methods of car headlight repair:

• fine sandpaper (e.g. 600)
• followed by ultra fine sandpaper (e.g. 1000)
• followed by polishing sandpaper (e.g. 2000 or even more)
• followed by polishing paste (e.g. cerium oxide) on a felt pad

However, since I see that the sink has a glossy surface… I would be deterred by that. The method I mention may reach a layer which isn’t burnt, but will wear off glossy finish and there’s no certainty of it returning in the same tone after polishing is done.

What paint to use - sorry, no idea.

In case humanity forgets about how to make CPUs, some folks would still remember how to make stateful relays, magnetic core memory, punch cards and pneumatic logic valves.

It would take a bit of time from there back to a CPU.

I cut aluminum with mine (and professional aluminum sellers cut theirs with their saw, but it likely costs thousands), but I will second the “be careful” part.

Aluminum can snag your saw blade (especially if you use a blade meant for wood, which I don’t recommend because it also produces messy output). Snagging can have dangerous results (saw jumping upward and losing teeth or more in the process).

Ensure the work piece is clamped down very well. Ensure that the saw is either on a large level surface or better yet - bolted or clamped down. Ensure that the saw jumping cannot hurt you in any way.

When cutting aluminum, push very gently. And when the raw material gets too small, don’t try cutting the last little piece. Small working material will increase the chance of accidents. I set my limit around 20 cm.

It was meant to be humorous framing, given the impossibility of making humans from magma or the iron core. :)

Which ethnicity’s population are we going to reduce?

I honestly believe that “we” aren’t going to do jack s**t. It’s a process which is nearly unsteerable. People are going to live longer and longer, and use resources that would otherwise be used by children they might have had. Society is going to be burdened by caring for the old, and this is going to reduce chances of caring for the young.

In nearly every developed country, population growth is slowing or population has already started decreasing. Only in the least developed regions (some areas of Africa) does the opposite still apply, but UN predictions (made by competent people) suggest the process just reaches there later.

So, every ethnicity’s population is going to be reduced. Every ethnicity can also consider if their numbers are adequate, too high or too low. If a nation feels threatened by disappearing from the maps, they can try to reorganize their society. Random ideas: a few laws that give parents various health and social security guarantees regardless of their employment status, especially in case they’re single parents, then maybe create a few dating sites that actually try to help their users find people they like, etc…

There is plenty of resources to support humanity.

I cannot say I agree, and I think I recall that some indicators currently suggest we’d need about 3 planets to keep going at the same pace.

I think we shouldn’t use up every atom on Earth to churn out more humans. Our species has experienced a massive population explosion and is at peak numbers.

Usually this kind of events are followed by a hurtful population crash. It seems considerably better if growth ends due to a (subconscious?) decision to stop expanding, rather than a war for remaining resources.

The founder of the Antinatalism International, Anugraha Kumar Sharma, argues that “there is absolutely no hope whatsoever in this world.”

Well, that’s hard to argue against. I might disagree, but I cannot artificially give him any hope, even if he wants some.

For some, the progressive embrace of antinatalism might just be a reaction to the pronatalism espoused by the Right. Because Vice President J. D. Vance wants you to have more children, the only natural reply is that we ought to have none.

Not for me. They can want all they want, but to consider children, I imagine I would need to find a society relatively free of strife, a society with lower risk. I would need to feel somewhat secure in my own future, because you have to raise children for a hefty amount of time. Most importanly, I’d have to find someone who’d like to do this together.

Some creatures respond to environmental stress by breeding earlier and faster, and trying to do that more desperately. I cannot find such a response in my own “code”. I respond to environmental stress by saving resources to overcome hardship, and focusing effort to defeat the source of hardship. If that means a decline in population by 1.7 people, so be it.

I think that in the modern times, more people have started thinking this way. Having children is expensive and can effectively put you below the poverty line, and stop you from pursuing goals, whatever they are.

I’m not even anti-natalist. I’m just not interested in reproduction - precisely because I still have a future that I might influence for the better - but not if I waste my resources on reproduction.

Also, I think a scarcity of humans might actually cause society to value humans more. In the Middle Ages, when the plague reduced populations, serfs were able to obtain better conditions and break the pattern of slavery in many lands. Feudal lords struggled because their vast empty lands could not be managed by their dwindling crew - someone could till a field or hunt game without paying taxes or asking for permission out there. Of course, this pattern might not apply in modern times, however.

the global democratic left has been incapable of developing an economic agenda that looks beyond the next election cycle.

Not sure if I can agree. Over here, the agenda looks pretty clear. Achieve progressive taxation. Achieve higher taxation of capital than labour. Achieve lower taxation of worker-owned companies. Achieve universal health insurance. Beyond the economic, achieve a governing system not disproportionately influenced by the wealthy. Preferably, achieve all this without violence.

(and reaching those goals is prevented by the disproportionate propaganda capability of the economic right, mostly financed by the wealthy)

Некоторые мысли:

• скорее всего, по-русски здесь говорят немногие (но, конечно, есть автоматический перевод). Я говорю, но это не мой родной язык. Чтобы побудить людей к дискуссии, я бы порекомендовал английский.

• создание бренда, который передает какую-то информацию о продуктах, на мой взгляд, решение проблемы не с того конца - бренды так не появляются

• типичный бренд (например, Raspberry Pi) начинается с одного продукта (часто экспериментального) и расширяется. Добавляют новые продукты. Если они лучше, бренд получает репутацию.

• в ходе жизни типичной компании в какой-то момент возникает соблазн обменять репутацию (форму социального капитала) на деньги, сделав что-то дешево и не выполнив обещаний

Но, повторюсь, мне это кажется очень абстрактным и “высоко в облаках”.

— translation —

Some thoughts:

• most likely, few people can speak Russian here (but of course, automatic translation exists). I can, but it’s not my native language. To get people to discuss, I would recommend English.

• creating a brand that conveys useful information about products is, in my opinion, solving the problem from the wrong end… brands don’t appear like this

• a typical brand (e.g. “Raspberry Pi”) starts from a single product (often experimental) and expands. New products are added. If they are better, the brand gets a reputation.

• a classic problem awaits then: in the course of a typical company’s life, at some point, there comes a temptation to exchange a good reputation (a form of social capital) into money, by doing something cheaply and not fulfilling promises

But I repeat, this seems very abstract and “high in the clouds” to me.

Sounds like a nice material. :)

It would be a method of representing trust or distrust in a structured way that’s automatically accessible to the end user.

The user could right-click an image, pick “check trust” from a menu, and be presented with a list of metainfo to see who has originally signed it, and what various parties have concluded about it.

Negative proof: the AI company signs it with their watermark.

Positive proof: the photographer signs it with their personal key, providing a way to contact them. Sure, it could be a fake identity, but you can attempt to verify and conclude that.

Cumulative positive and negative proof: on top of the photographer, news organizations add their signatures and remarks (e.g. BBC: “we know and trust this person”, Guardian: “we verified the scene”, Reuters: “we tried to verify this photo, but the person could not be contacted”).

The photo, in the end, would not be just a bitmap, but a container file containing the bitmap (possibly with a steganographically embedded watermark) and various signatures granting or withdrawing trust.

The concept is new to me, so I’m a bit challenged to give an opinion. I will try however.

In some systems, software can be isolated from the real world in a nice sandbox with no unexpected inputs. If a clear way of expressing what one really wants is available, and more convenient than a programming language, I believe a well-trained and self-critical AI (capable of estimating its probability of success at a task) will be highly qualified to write that kind of software, and tell when things are doubtful.

The coder may not understand the code, though, which is something I find politically unacceptable. I don’t want a society where people don’t understand how their systems work.

It could even contain a logic bomb and nobody would know. Even the AI which wrote it may tomorrow fail to understand it, after the software has become sufficiently unique through customization. So, there’s a risk that the software lacks even a single qualified maintainer.

Meanwhile some software is mission critical - if it fails, something irreversible happens in the real world. This kind of software usually must be understood by several people. New people must be capable of coming to understand it through review. They must be able to predict its limitations, give specifications for each subsystem and build testing routines to detect introduction of errors.

Mission critical software typically has a close relationship with hardware. It typically has sensors coming from the real world and effectors changing the real world. Testing it resembles doing electronical and physical experiments. The system may have undescribed properties that an AI cannot be informed about. It may be impossible to code successfully without actually doing those experiments, finding out the limitations and quirks of hardware, and thus it may be impossible for an AI to build from a prompt.

I’m currently building a drone system and I’m up to my neck in undocumented hardware interactions, but even a heating controller will encounter some. I don’t think people will experience success in the near future with letting an AI build such systems for them. In principle it can. In principle, you can let an AI teach a robot dog to walk, and it will take only a few hours. But this will likely require giving it control of said robot dog, letting it run experiments and learn from outcomes. Which may take a week, while writing the code might have also taken a week. In the end, one code base will be maintainable, the other likely not.

They have made the fences tall, which creates an impression of fragility, but we don’t see how deep the posts run into ground. :)

I have a solar fence in operation for 1 year. My version is 1 panel width tall - about 1.2 meters tall, and I built it extremely cheap - 5 cm rectangular wooden posts with a metal screw tip running 30 cm into ground. Assembly using household screws and luck. During storms, it does change position, but I haven’t noticed disassembly.

During hail, it would survive events that would smash my other panels, because a vertical surface exposes less target area and offers more oblique angles of collision to hailstones.

As for efficiency, my vertical array is the most efficient array I have during winter. It’s never covered by snow and catches low sunshine better. In summer, it is the coolest (but not most efficient) array that I have, because it creates verticial convection and gives away heat more efficiently. But it differs from theirs because it’s an east-west array (they seem to have used a north-south geometry to catch morning and evening sunshine).

As for what they said of their results:

The panels generated much less electricity than a standard tilted array, but it was produced in mornings and evenings. “It matches better when there is high electricity demand in the system,” says Victoria.

The heater model they depict looks good.

• not capable of producing carbon monoxide
• high probability of self-extinguishing when pushed over
• reduced chance of causing burns

Yep, indeed, I’m already discovering differences too. :) A good document for techies to read seems to be here.

https://reticulum.network/manual/understanding.html

I also think I see a problem on the horizon: announce traffic volume. According to this description, it seems that Reticulum tries to forward all announces to every transport node (router). In a small network, that’s OK. In a big network, this can become a challenge (disclaimer: I’ve participated in building I2P, but ages ago, but I still remember some stuff well enough to predict where a problem might pop up). Maintenance of the routing table / network database / <other term for a similar thing> is among the biggest challenges when things get intercontinental.