These developments are part of a longer-term trend. The weakening of performance predates the COVID-19 pandemic in many countries, pointing to deeper and more persistent challenges within education systems.
If I’m reading tea leaves, then so are the authors of the report.
There is no trend if the data variability is not statistically significant. What you are doing is likely no better than reading tea leaves 🤷
If I’m reading tea leaves, then so are the authors of the report.
This refers to specific countries where that might be true, but it can’t be derived from the OECD average as presented in the graph.