The Department of Homeland Security said the shooting was in self-defense when the driver of a vehicle that the agents had pulled over tried to run them over.
"In 1973, a divided 5-4 Court planted the first landmine for the demolition of the Fourth Amendment in Almeida-Sanchez v. United States. The case, at first blush, sounds good: In it, the Court held that immigration officers searching a car for undocumented people without a warrant or probable cause was unconstitutional. But in a concurrence, Justice Lewis Powell suggested treating the areas around the border differently from the rest of the country. Searches near the border, he wrote, “draw a large measure of justification from the Government’s extraordinary responsibilities and powers with respect to the border.” Thus, he suggested that something analogous to an “area warrant,” which judges issue to city officials to conduct housing code inspections in residential areas, could suspend the need for individualized probable cause within the 100-mile zone. "
TBH, I don’t know that it has even come up to the court.
https://ballsandstrikes.org/legal-culture/border-patrol-100-mile-zone-explainer/
100 mile zone was created by Congress in 1946.
Roll forward to 1973:
"In 1973, a divided 5-4 Court planted the first landmine for the demolition of the Fourth Amendment in Almeida-Sanchez v. United States. The case, at first blush, sounds good: In it, the Court held that immigration officers searching a car for undocumented people without a warrant or probable cause was unconstitutional. But in a concurrence, Justice Lewis Powell suggested treating the areas around the border differently from the rest of the country. Searches near the border, he wrote, “draw a large measure of justification from the Government’s extraordinary responsibilities and powers with respect to the border.” Thus, he suggested that something analogous to an “area warrant,” which judges issue to city officials to conduct housing code inspections in residential areas, could suspend the need for individualized probable cause within the 100-mile zone. "