Those are all high beams.

If they are pointed at a person that is against the law & a dick move by a person (regardless if it’s a mechanical failure).

Brightness isn’t bad, it’s a safety feature.
(And countries do have a min/max brightness laws, measured a bit differently tho.)

There is also a failure of the greedy car industry - we have adaptive headlights (where you have your high beans beams dynamically shaded or separated to not shine on other cars specifically) for 30 years now but they remain optional extras (except on Chinese cars). And memes of cars shining in your face exist.
(USA only allowed this a few years back, that’s why in the USA movies even cars promoted by that movie always used the base model ugly headlights.)

(This last low beam adaptive bit is from the 70s actually.)

The second failure is also legislative - all the places that don’t have legislature setting the max height (positioning from the ground) of headlights have SUVs shining lights in ppls faces even when just using low beams.

As said, ppl are just dicks with high beams, low beams set too high, and using fog lamps all the time bcs it’s ‘sporty’.